In a move that highlights the evolving relationship between the U.S. Space Force (USSF) and artificial intelligence, the agency is now looking to embrace automation after a temporary halt in 2023. Just a year and a half ago, the Space Force advised its personnel to refrain from using AI tools like ChatGPT while assessing their risks and benefits. Fast forward to now, and the service has made significant strides in exploring AI’s potential.

A Cautious Start

Back in September 2023, the Space Force hit pause on AI usage due to concerns over the safety and reliability of these emerging technologies. The fear was that unvetted AI tools could lead to data leaks or other unforeseen issues. Seth Whitworth, acting deputy to the Deputy Chief of Space Operations for Cyber and Data, explained that this cautious approach was necessary to protect sensitive information and operations.

Learning and Adapting

By mid-2024, the Air Force Research Laboratory introduced its own AI chatbot, NIPRGPT, specifically for Airmen and Guardians. This was part of a broader effort to explore AI’s capabilities safely. Whitworth mentioned that his team organized a "generative AI challenge" to discover new applications for AI, which helped refine guidelines and ensure secure innovation within the Department of Defense.

The Push for Automation

Guardians quickly recognized the value of AI for routine tasks, such as drafting reports and performance reviews. Automating these back-office functions allows personnel to concentrate on more complex, strategic duties. However, the sheer volume of data generated by space technology, including satellite imagery and signals intelligence, makes automation not just beneficial but necessary. With thousands of satellites and countless pieces of space debris orbiting Earth at high speeds, the challenge of managing this data is immense.

Shifting Satellite Operations

Nate Hamet, CEO of satellite operations company Quindar, emphasized the impracticality of assigning one person to monitor each satellite. Instead, the vision is for AI to assist operators, enabling one person to manage multiple satellites efficiently. This shift is crucial as the number of satellites continues to grow, driven by both commercial and military advancements.

The Space Force is already experimenting with automated satellite operations. Through its Space Rapid Capabilities Office, the agency is acquiring software for the Rapid and Resilient Command and Control system, testing it on satellites in orbit. Yet, Whitworth warns that the process of determining which operations can be automated and the level of trust in AI technology is still ongoing.

Building Trust in AI

Dave Prakash, Booz Allen's director of AI governance, stresses the importance of gradually building trust in AI systems. The goal is to integrate AI as a supportive tool that enhances mission-critical applications rather than creating additional burdens for Guardians.

Despite the challenges, the potential for AI to manage the complexities of space operations is significant. Pat Biltgen, a Booz Allen executive, believes that combining generative AI with physics-based technologies could solve the "one Guardian, one satellite" issue, making AI an invaluable asset in space operations.

In summary, while the USSF initially approached AI with caution, the agency is now actively seeking ways to leverage automation to handle the growing demands of space data and operations. This shift not only highlights the potential of AI but also underscores the importance of careful implementation and trust-building in technology.